Terms and conditions for owners/agencies

1. Introduction and Scope

These Terms and Conditions applicable to the Owner/Agency constitute a binding agreement between Livantra and the Owner/Agency. Livantra provides an online platform, together with various tools, services and functionalities available through its platform, enabling owners and property professionals to advertise their properties and allowing travellers to select those properties and interact with their owners and property professionals.

These Terms and Conditions shall govern the relationship between Livantra and any person who uses or accesses the site to offer or advertise any property for rental, including property owners, lessees and property professionals.

Livantra welcomes both owners and agencies, who access the platform under the same conditions by accepting these Terms and Conditions at the time of creating their account, without the need to enter into any additional contract. The accepted Terms and Conditions shall be available for download in PDF format from the Control Panel at any time.

1.1 Capacity to Contract

Livantra does not authorise anyone who lacks the capacity to enter into legally binding contracts to register on this site. If the Owner/Agency is a commercial company, civil partnership or other type of entity, the person using the Site and/or accepting these Terms and Conditions on behalf of that Owner/Agency represents that they have the authority to bind that entity to these Terms and Conditions.

The Owner/Agency represents and agrees that all information they provide and enter into the site during the registration process is authentic, accurate and up to date. They further represent that they are of legal age to enter into a binding agreement with Livantra.

1.2 Amendments to the Terms and Conditions

Livantra may periodically amend these Terms and Conditions for reasons such as technical developments, changes to the business, the introduction of new products or features, or changes in applicable law. Notice of 30 days shall be given prior to any change to the terms or in the event of termination of the agreement, to the registered email address. Continued use of the services following the implementation of such changes constitutes express acceptance of them. If the Owner/Agency does not agree with the changes, they shall not be authorised to access the site or use the service.

2. Nature of the Platform and Responsibilities

2.1 Livantra's Role

The site provides a meeting space for users to interact. Rental agreements are entered into solely between the Traveller and the Owner/Agency. Livantra is not and shall not be a party to any contractual relationship between Travellers and Owners/Agencies and, in its capacity as a web hosting entity, is under no obligation to mediate between them in the event of any dispute.

Owners/Agencies are not considered service providers of Livantra. Owners/Agencies may be individual owners acting on a consumer-to-consumer basis, or property professionals acting on a business-to-consumer basis. The Owner/Agency shall determine, at their sole discretion, whether they operate as a consumer or a business and the representations they make to Travellers in relation to their status.

2.2 Legal and Regulatory Responsibility

Owners/Agencies agree that it shall be their sole responsibility to comply with all laws, rules and regulations applicable to their use of the site and any operations they carry out in connection with it. This includes, without limitation:

• Taxes and fiscal obligations
• Data security, data protection and privacy
• Permits, planning requirements and licensing
• Local authority requirements
• Compliance with health and safety requirements
• Compliance with all anti-discrimination and housing laws
• Rental restrictions or other property restrictions

Livantra may be legally required to provide information in relation to any listing in order to comply with the requirements of governmental or regulatory bodies in connection with investigations, litigation or administrative proceedings.

2.3 Non-Discrimination Policy

Livantra operates a zero-tolerance policy in relation to acts of discrimination (in particular, and without limitation, on grounds of race, ethnicity, religion, national origin, disability, sex, gender identity or sexual orientation), harassment or violence. Livantra will remove from the site any Traveller and/or Owner/Agency who displays or promotes such behaviour.

3. Property Listings

3.1 Listing Model and Commission

Owners/Agencies may publish listings on the site on a pay-per-booking basis, with no upfront payment and at no cost. Livantra's commission model is based on a service fee of 14% of the total rental amount, charged directly to the Traveller at the time of booking. The Owner/Agency does not pay any additional commission to Livantra for publishing their listings or for bookings received.

Livantra reserves the right to amend the applicable service fee, provided that any such amendment shall be notified to the Owner/Agency at least 30 days before the new fee is applied. The new fee shall be deemed accepted if the Owner/Agency has not withdrawn their listing by the time it becomes applicable.

3.2 Obligations Regarding Listing Content

The Owner/Agency undertakes to:

• Provide only truthful and up-to-date information in each listing (including the description, rates, taxes and cancellation policy).
• Not impose on Travellers conditions that differ from those set out in the listing.
• Maintain an accurate and up-to-date booking calendar.
• Respond to all booking requests from Travellers within 24 hours of receipt.
• Ensure that the images included in the listing accurately reflect the property and are not misleading.
• Comply with the listing guidelines in force at any given time.

Livantra reserves the right to refuse to publish a listing that may infringe any provision of these Terms and Conditions. Failure to comply with these obligations may result in the permanent exclusion of the Owner/Agency from the site and other affiliated sites.

3.3 Duration and Withdrawal of Listings

Listings shall be displayed on the site indefinitely. However, Livantra reserves the right to withdraw a listing or refuse to publish it, upon prior notice. The Owner/Agency may also suspend or withdraw their listings at any time via their Control Panel or by contacting customer support. No listing may be transferred to another party by an Owner/Agency.

3.4 Listing Tools

Livantra has implemented the Google Translate service on the site. Owners/Agencies may use this service free of charge to translate their listings. The Owner acknowledges and agrees that this is a static automated translation system that frequently makes errors. Following translation, the Owner must review it and correct all inaccuracies.

Livantra requires all Owners/Agencies to verify the location of their advertised properties in their control panel via Google Maps. The Owner/Agency acknowledges that this service is not free from errors and must ensure that the location displayed is correct. Livantra shall not be responsible for its operation, accuracy or any other aspect thereof.

4. Use of the Control Panel and Services

Upon registration, each Owner/Agency shall be provided with a user profile in which the information they provide is recorded and all properties they offer are specified (the "Control Panel").

The Control Panel provides various functionalities designed to assist Owners/Agencies in managing their properties on the site; these functionalities and the Control Panel itself are provided without Livantra undertaking that they will be complete or free from errors.

Bookings and payments in respect of all listings must mandatorily be made online. The Owner/Agency undertakes to manage communications, enquiries and all bookings through the Livantra platform and tools. Payments to Livantra may be made by direct debit, bank transfer, credit card payment or any other form of payment previously authorised by Livantra. The prior notice period for any SEPA direct debit payment is reduced to one day. All bank and other charges related to a payment shall be borne by the Owner/Agency.

4.1 Online Booking and Payments

The 'Online Booking' functionality allows Travellers to book properties online. The 'online payment' service allows Travellers to pay the Owner/Agency via an online payment gateway managed by Pagos Livantra, provided by a third-party payment service provider. The online payment service is subject to the terms and conditions of the third-party payment provider, and the Owner/Agency acknowledges that Livantra shall have no control over and no liability in respect of such online payment services.

4.2 Communications Through the Site

Communications made through the site may be reviewed by the Traveller and the Owner/Agency and viewed by Livantra employees and representatives in order to fulfil its obligations as a web hosting entity. Messages sent through Livantra systems shall only relate to legitimate enquiries connected with bookings.

It is prohibited to misuse Livantra systems by sending unsolicited commercial communications (spam) or by disclosing personal data of users to third parties, unless the express authorisation of such users has been obtained. The Owner/Agency agrees to protect the personal information of other users in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and in any event with a reasonable degree of diligence, and assumes full responsibility for any misuse, loss or unauthorised transfer of such information.

Owners/Agencies and Travellers are solely responsible for the content of their communications with one another. A service fee is charged to Travellers for the use of the various online services, features and tools available through the Platform, enabling travellers to select properties and interact with the owners/agencies advertising them. The service fee enables Livantra to provide a safer booking experience. Benefits associated with such use include a secure communication system with a Livantra account, search results filtered according to Traveller preferences, online Traveller reviews pursuant to Livantra's status as a data host, and various guarantees. The service fee is charged to Travellers who book properties from the Livantra Platform using the booking process and is calculated as a percentage of the total rental amount (which may include additional fees and security deposits that the Owner may charge). The Traveller service fee, plus any taxes applicable thereto imposed by the relevant authorities, shall be displayed to Travellers at the time of booking and before the final step of the booking process. Depending on the laws of the jurisdiction in which the Traveller and/or the Owner/Agency resides, the service fee may be subject to VAT, Tourist Taxes or other equivalent indirect taxes, or may include such amounts. Owners/Agencies agree not to encourage, suggest or recommend in any way or by any means that Travellers avoid or attempt not to pay the service fee charged by Livantra.

4.3 Content and Intellectual Property

By submitting content to the site, Owners/Agencies, whilst retaining all proprietary rights over such content, grant Livantra for the duration of the legal protection of their rights in relation to the content and, progressively, for the duration of its publication on the site or other media in accordance with this agreement, a non-exclusive worldwide licence over their intellectual property rights, including copyright and trade mark rights, to reproduce, translate, distribute, publish, publicly perform and display the content on the site, on Livantra's websites and in Livantra's marketing materials and activities, for the purpose of advertising, promoting and marketing the property.

Livantra requires all reviews of properties, Owner/Agency responses, Traveller comments and other communications to comply with the content guidelines. Livantra reserves the right (though not the obligation) to make Owner/Agency evaluations available to other Owners/Agencies contacted by Travellers through the site.

5. Payment

Livantra shall hold the total booking amount until 24 hours after the Traveller's arrival at the property. This 24-hour window shall serve as a period for both parties (Traveller and Owner/Agency) to verify that check-in has been completed correctly. Once this period has elapsed, and provided no alerts have been raised by either party, payment shall be made to the Owner/Agency. Payment may be delayed by a few days for reasons beyond the platform's control, such as the processing time required by the banks involved.

6. Security Deposit

The requirement of a security deposit is optional and is at the sole discretion of each Owner/Agency. Livantra does not impose or regulate its collection. In any event, the security deposit is always managed outside the Livantra platform, directly between the Owner/Agency and the Traveller.

6.1 Agencies Connected via Channel Manager

Agencies operating through the Avantio Channel Manager may configure the security deposit amount directly from that tool. Once synchronised with the Livantra platform, this information will be visible to the Traveller in the listing, in the mandatory services and fees section, prior to making a booking, indicating the amount and that payment will be made on arrival. The collection and refund of the security deposit is the sole responsibility of the agency and shall always be carried out outside the Livantra platform.

6.2 Owners/Agencies Without a Channel Manager Connection

Owners/Agencies without a Channel Manager connection may configure the security deposit amount from their Control Panel in the listing configuration section, in the 'Deposit' field. Once configured, this information will be visible to the Traveller in the listing prior to making a booking, indicating the amount and that payment will be made on arrival. The collection and refund of the security deposit is the sole responsibility of the Owner/Agency and shall always be carried out outside the Livantra platform.

6.3 General Terms Applicable to the Security Deposit

If the Owner/Agency decides to charge a security deposit, they must clearly and prominently inform the Traveller in their listing of:

• The amount of security deposit required.
• The accepted payment methods for its collection.
• The timeframe and conditions for its refund.
• The circumstances that may justify its full or partial retention.

The Owner/Agency shall be responsible for managing the refund of the security deposit to the Traveller upon completion of the stay and verification of the condition of the property, in accordance with the conditions stated in the listing.

In exceptional cases where agreement cannot be reached between the parties, Livantra may intervene as an intermediary through its support ticket system, accessible from the Control Panel. Such intervention shall be of a facilitative nature and shall not in any circumstances imply that Livantra assumes responsibility for the final outcome or the amounts claimed. The management of the security deposit is a direct and exclusive matter between the Owner/Agency and the Traveller; Livantra assumes no responsibility whatsoever in respect of its collection, custody, retention or refund.

7. Cancellation Policy

Livantra makes available to the Owner/Agency four types of cancellation policy, with varying levels of flexibility. Each type sets out the conditions under which the Traveller may cancel their booking, the applicable timeframes and the amounts that will be refunded in each case.

7.1 Agencies Connected via Channel Manager

Agencies operating through the Channel Manager will have the cancellation policy configured directly from that tool. Once synchronised with the Livantra platform, the selected cancellation policy will be visible to the Traveller in the listing prior to making a booking.

7.2 Owners/Agencies Without a Channel Manager Connection

Owners/Agencies without a Channel Manager connection must mandatorily select a cancellation policy during the configuration of each listing in their Control Panel. The Owner/Agency may review the full details of each type during that process and must choose the one that best suits their rental conditions before proceeding to publication.

7.3 General Terms and Conditions

• The selected cancellation policy shall be binding on both parties from the moment the booking is confirmed.
• The chosen policy shall be clearly visible to the Traveller on the listing page and during the booking process, prior to the final confirmation step.
• The Owner/Agency may amend their cancellation policy at any time from their Control Panel. Such a change shall only apply to new bookings made after the change.
• In the event that an Owner/Agency without a Channel Manager connection does not select any cancellation policy, the most flexible option available shall be applied automatically.
• The service fee charged to the Traveller may be subject to specific refund conditions depending on the type of policy chosen.
• Livantra reserves the right to review or update the cancellation policy types available, notifying the Owner/Agency at least 30 days in advance.

8. Traveller No-Show Policy

A No-Show occurs when the Traveller does not arrive at the property on the agreed arrival date without having previously communicated the cancellation of their booking through the Livantra platform.

In the event of a Traveller No-Show, the total booking amount shall not be refunded. The Owner/Agency shall be entitled to retain the full amount paid by the Traveller, with the exception of the corresponding Livantra commission and the service fee charged to the Traveller. However, in the event that the Traveller provides documentary evidence of a force majeure situation, Livantra may assess the case on an exceptional basis through its support ticket system.

8.1 Applicable Conditions

• The Owner/Agency must notify Livantra of the No-Show through their Control Panel within a maximum of 24 hours from the agreed arrival time.
• Once the No-Show has been confirmed, Livantra shall proceed to release payment to the Owner/Agency in accordance with the usual procedure.
• The property shall be available for re-listing by the Owner/Agency from that date.
• A Traveller No-Show shall not count as a cancellation for the purposes of the Owner/Agency's cancellation limit.

9. Incident Resolution and Disputes

9.1 Reporting Tool

Livantra makes available to the Traveller an incident reporting tool accessible from their Control Panel, in the active booking section. This tool allows the Traveller to report any problem relating to the property upon arrival, such as damage, dissatisfaction with the condition of the property, check-in issues or other relevant incidents.

The Traveller shall have a maximum period of 24 hours from their arrival at the property to report any incident through the platform. Once this period has elapsed, the reporting tool shall be automatically deactivated and no claims relating to the condition or the conditions of the property shall be accepted.

9.2 Owner/Agency Obligations in the Event of an Incident

Once an incident has been reported by the Traveller, the Owner/Agency shall receive a notification and shall be required to:

• Address and respond to the reported incident as promptly as possible.
• Take the necessary steps to resolve the problem communicated by the Traveller.
• Maintain active communication with the Traveller through the Livantra platform until the incident is resolved.

In the event that the Owner/Agency fails to address or resolve the reported incident, Livantra may intervene in the management thereof and, depending on the severity of the problem, may agree a partial or full refund to the Traveller. The assessment of severity and the decision as to the amount of the refund, if applicable, shall be determined by Livantra, whose resolution shall be binding on both parties.

Livantra shall act as an intermediary in the management of incidents reported within the established timeframe, but shall not assume any responsibility for incidents not reported within that period, nor for disputes arising more than 24 hours after the Traveller's arrival at the property. Any subsequent dispute must be resolved directly between the Owner/Agency and the Traveller.

9.3 Management of Damage Caused by Travellers

In the event of damage occurring during a Traveller's stay, the Owner/Agency, as the party best acquainted with their property and its condition, shall be the one to manage and resolve any such incident directly with the Traveller. For this purpose, the Owner/Agency has the security deposit available as a guarantee tool against potential damage. Livantra, in its capacity as an intermediary platform, assumes no responsibility for the financial resolution thereof.

The Owner/Agency is advised to:

• Document the damage with photographs and/or videos before or immediately after the Traveller's departure.
• Notify the Traveller of the damage identified and the amount claimed as promptly as possible.
• Manage the compensation through the security deposit previously collected, in accordance with the conditions stated in the listing.

In cases where the Owner/Agency and the Traveller are unable to reach an agreement, Livantra makes available to both parties a support ticket system accessible from the Control Panel. Through this system, the Owner or Agency may report the situation and Livantra shall act as an intermediary facilitating communication between the parties, without this implying in any circumstances that Livantra assumes responsibility for the final outcome or the amounts claimed. Should the parties fail to reach an agreement, they may take such legal action as they consider appropriate under applicable law.

10. Taxes 

10.1 Owner/Agency Taxes

The Owner/Agency shall be solely responsible for determining their obligations to declare, collect, pay or include in their listing any applicable VAT or other indirect sales taxes, occupancy taxes, tourist levies, gross revenue taxes, real estate taxes or other stay or income taxes. Livantra does not provide any tax advice; the Owner/Agency should consult their own tax adviser.

10.2 Tourist Taxes

The responsibility for declaring and remitting the Eco Tax to the competent tax authorities rests always and exclusively with the Owner/Agency, and never with Livantra.

Agencies with Channel Manager

Agencies operating through the Channel Manager may configure the Eco Tax directly from that tool. Livantra shall collect the corresponding amount together with the total booking amount and transfer it to the agency within the usual timeframes. The agency shall be solely responsible for managing, declaring and remitting that amount to the competent tax authorities.

Owners/Agencies without Channel Manager

Owners/Agencies without a Channel Manager connection will have the Eco Tax included in the total rental price displayed to the Traveller. Livantra shall collect that amount together with the total booking payment and transfer it to the Owner/Agency within the usual timeframes. The Owner/Agency shall be solely responsible for declaring and remitting that amount to the competent tax authorities.

11. Privacy Policy and Surveillance Devices

The Owner/Agency guarantees the right to privacy of guests during their stay at the property.

11.1 Prohibition on Surveillance Devices

The installation, use or presence of surveillance devices inside the accommodation is not permitted, including but not limited to video cameras, microphones or any other equipment intended to monitor or record guests.

11.2 Exterior Common Areas

Where security cameras exist in the exterior areas of the property, these shall be disclosed to the guest in advance and shall be configured in such a way as not to invade the privacy of interior areas or private spaces such as patios or gardens for exclusive use.

11.3 Consequences of Non-Compliance

If the existence of unauthorised surveillance devices or those contrary to this policy is discovered, guests shall have the right to cancel their stay immediately and request a full refund, in addition to taking legal action if applicable.

12. Termination of the Agreement

12.1 Termination for Convenience

Livantra may terminate this agreement for convenience at any time, upon giving thirty (30) days' prior notice to the Owner/Agency by means of the registered email address.

12.2 Grounds for Immediate Termination

Livantra shall be entitled to suspend or withdraw listings and/or terminate the agreement, following a written statement of reasons, where:

• Any listing includes material that infringes the content guidelines, the law or the rights of any person or entity.
• The Owner/Agency has uploaded inappropriate content or made improper use of the site.
• Listing or rental practices are unacceptable or unfair (or where there is knowledge of or one or more complaints are received from any user or third party regarding a listing or rental practice of an Owner/Agency that justify the immediate removal of that Owner/Agency's listings from the site — for example, and without limitation, where an Owner/Agency rents the same Property to multiple travellers on the same date, or, having enabled the online booking functionality, does not accept bookings when the property is available or cancels previously accepted bookings, or engages in any practice that might be considered unfair or inappropriate in the short-term property rental sector).
• The Owner/Agency has committed a material breach of these Terms and Conditions.
• The Owner/Agency has acted in an abusive or offensive manner.
• The Owner/Agency uses a false identity.
• Any other improper use of Livantra's communication systems or platforms has occurred.

12.3 Cancellation of Bookings and Properties by Livantra

Livantra may cancel a booking and remove the properties of an Owner/Agency if:

• The Owner/Agency has cancelled more than three bookings within a one-year period. In such a case, a preliminary review process shall be initiated which may result in the suspension or removal of their properties from the platform.
• The Owner/Agency has not been present as agreed with their guests on the arrival date.
• Livantra detects any fraud, fraudulent information or direct payment between guests and the Owner/Agency.

No payments shall be made to the Owner/Agency in the event of such cancellations. Should Livantra take any of the measures described, the decision may be appealed by contacting Customer Services.

13. Prohibited Conduct

The Owner/Agency shall refrain, directly or indirectly, from the following:

• Exploiting, copying, distributing, reproducing, editing, translating, making available to the public or decompiling the site, its content or the databases contained therein.
• Tracking the content of the site using robots, web crawlers or other automated tools.
• Using the Site or any information provided by a Traveller for purposes other than those permitted under these Terms and Conditions.
• Reproducing any part of the site on another website using framing or similar techniques.
• Uploading or submitting to the site any content or programme that could damage Livantra's computers or networks.
• Including content that infringes any criminal provision, intellectual property rights or other laws.
• Publishing or transmitting false, fraudulent or misleading information, or engaging in identity fraud or phishing.
• Publishing or transmitting any illegal, threatening, abusive, defamatory, obscene or pornographic material.
• Referring to Livantra in a manner that may lead others to believe that the Owner/Agency is sponsored or endorsed by Livantra.
• Using a single listing for multiple units, property substitution or promotion of properties other than the one advertised.
• Delaying responses to booking requests or payment processing when online booking has been enabled.
• Using or accessing the Site or Livantra's systems or platforms in any manner that may pose a threat to any network or computer system, including infection by viruses (a 'virus' shall include any programme introduced into a system intentionally and having a futile or destructive function, such as displaying annoying messages or systematically overwriting information on the User's hard drive).

14. Liability

14.1 Insurance

Owners/Agencies agree that they will have or will obtain adequate and sufficient insurance cover to cover the rental of the properties prior to the arrival of the first Traveller, and that they will maintain such cover until the departure date of any Traveller.

14.2 General Liability of the Owner/Agency

Owners/Agencies expressly agree to indemnify and hold harmless Livantra and its officers, directors, employees and agents against any claims, liabilities, damages, losses, debts, obligations and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable legal or accountancy fees, arising out of or in connection with Tourist Levies, including, amongst other things, their applicability, calculation, collection or payment in any amount or in none, in connection with their operations.

The Owner/Agency agrees to comply with all applicable tax regulations and shall avoid facilitating tax evasion offences listed in the UK Criminal Finances Act 2017, as amended from time to time. They shall further not take any action that causes Livantra to be in breach of any applicable statutory tax regulation, and shall indemnify Livantra against any fines, damages, costs (including, without limitation, legal costs), losses, debts, levies, penalties and expenses incurred by Livantra as a result of a breach by the Owner/Agency of the provisions of this clause.

In all cases, the Owner/Agency acknowledges that Livantra acts solely as an intermediary in collection where applicable, and in no circumstances assumes any tax liability in respect of such amounts.

14.3 Damage to Livantra's Systems

The Owner/Agency shall be solely and exclusively liable for all economic consequences arising from damage caused to Livantra by content or any programme transmitted or submitted by the Owner/Agency that causes any damage to Livantra's hardware or software, including damage to the site, its systems or data, or that causes the site or its systems to fail or malfunction. The economic consequences referred to above include reasonable legal costs.

15. Final Provisions

15.1 Governing Law and Jurisdiction

These Terms and Conditions applicable to the Traveller shall be governed by Spanish law and the Spanish courts shall have non-exclusive jurisdiction to determine any claim arising under these Terms and Conditions, without prejudice to the application of the laws and jurisdiction of the place of residence of the Traveller (if acting as a consumer). By way of example, the mandatory provisions of Spanish law shall apply and the Spanish courts shall have jurisdiction for travellers residing in Spain.

15.2 Dispute Resolution

If the Owner/Agency or the Traveller is a consumer residing in Spain, in the event of a dispute with Livantra, they may use a conventional mediation procedure or any other method of dispute resolution established by law. Once they have submitted their request in writing to Livantra and, in the event that a satisfactory response is not received within 60 days, they may refer their dispute to the mediator on the terms set out on their website.

If such disputes relate to electronic transactions with consumers, or to data protection where related to this area, claims shall be resolved by the Online Trust Mediation Committee, accredited for alternative dispute resolution in consumer matters. If claims relate to digital advertising, or to data protection related to this area, they shall be submitted to the AUTOCONTROL Advertising Standards Authority.

Alternatively, you may also submit disputes with Livantra to the European Commission's online dispute resolution platform, accessible at http://ec.europa.eu/odr.

15.3 Miscellaneous

• Livantra advises the Owner/Agency to retain a copy of these Terms and Conditions in a separate file on their device or in printed form.
• The fact that Livantra does not act upon a breach by Owners/Agencies or third parties shall not be construed as a waiver of its right to act in the event of subsequent or similar breaches.
• Clause headings are included for practical purposes and shall not affect the textual or legal interpretation of these Terms and Conditions.
• Upon registering on the site as an Owner/Agency, you will receive the commercial communications newsletter, a service that forms an integral part of the range of services provided. Owners/Agencies may opt out of receiving marketing communications by email at any time through their profile.

Law

These commercial terms and conditions are governed by Spanish law.
Last updated: 22/04/2026